BME 7900 Seminar Series: Gilda Barabino (Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University) "Modulation of Engineered Cartilage Development through Manipulation of Biochemical and Biomechanical Environments"
Tuesday, April 24, 2012 10:10am to 11:10am
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View map Free EventCurrent therapies for defects in articular cartilage, the load-bearing lining of diarthrodial joints, are hampered by the avascular nature of cartilage and its limited ability for self-repair and regeneration. The use of bioreactors for the in vitro generation of cartilage tissue using chondrocytes seeded on scaffolds is a promising approach for the development of viable cartilage substitutes. The hydrodynamic environment within bioreactors has been shown to influence matrix composition, morphology, and mechanical properties of engineered tissue constructs. We have employed a wavy-walled bioreactor with multiple well-defined hydrodynamic zones to better understand the complex interplay among hydrodynamic, biochemical and biomechanical environments and their relationships to biochemical, histological, and mechanical engineered tissue properties. For example, the level of shear in the presence or absence of growth factors and media supplements was found to modulate the thickness of the fibrous capsule that typically characterizes cartilage constructs cultivated in dynamic environments, and the thickness of the capsule impacted mechanical properties. Further, in the presence of hydrodynamic stimuli, the capsule was eliminated when serum concentration in the media was equal to or less than 0.2%. When manipulating the continuity of treatment with growth factors in combination with hydrodynamic loading, we found that 1) higher concentrations of growth factors are preferential in early chondrogenesis and 2) discontinuous growth factor treatment under hydrodynamic loading supported higher matrix deposition. Overall, our system provides a template to better understand the mechanisms involved in the interplay between mechanical and biochemical stimuli in order to enable the production of engineered cartilage with clinically relevant properties. Our current studies are aimed toward mesenchymal stem cell-enabled cartilage regeneration using a novel thin-film multi-agent delivery device that incorporates exogenous growth factors.
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